NextcloudBackup.sh

   1 #!/bin/bash
   2
   3 #
   4 # Bash script for creating backups of Nextcloud.
   5 #
   6 # Version 2.1.0
   7 #
   8 # Usage:
   9 #       - With backup directory specified in the script:  ./NextcloudBackup.sh
  10 #       - With backup directory specified by parameter: ./NextcloudBackup.sh <BackupDirectory> (e.g. ./NextcloudBackup.sh /media/hdd/nextcloud_backup)
  11 #
  12 # The script is based on an installation of Nextcloud using nginx and MariaDB, see https://decatec.de/home-server/nextcloud-auf-ubuntu-server-18-04-lts-mit-nginx-mariadb-php-lets-encrypt-redis-und-fail2ban/
  13 #
  14
  15 #
  16 # IMPORTANT
  17 # You have to customize this script (directories, users, etc.) for your actual environment.
  18 # All entries which need to be customized are tagged with "TODO".
  19 #
  20
  21 # Variables
  22 backupMainDir=$1
  23
  24 if [ -z "$backupMainDir" ]; then
  25         # TODO: The directory where you store the Nextcloud backups (when not specified by args)
  26     backupMainDir='/media/hdd/nextcloud_backup'
  27 fi
  28
  29 currentDate=$(date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
  30
  31 # The actual directory of the current backup - this is a subdirectory of the main directory above with a timestamp
  32 backupdir="${backupMainDir}/${currentDate}/"
  33
  34 # TODO: Use compression for Matrix Synapse installation/lib dir
  35 # When this is the only script for backups, it's recommend to enable compression.
  36 # If the output of this script is used in another (compressing) backup (e.g. borg backup),
  37 # you should probably disable compression here and only enable compression of your main backup script.
  38 useCompression=true
  39
  40 # TODO: The directory of your Nextcloud installation (this is a directory under your web root)
  41 nextcloudFileDir='/var/www/nextcloud'
  42
  43 # TODO: The directory of your Nextcloud data directory (outside the Nextcloud file directory)
  44 # If your data directory is located under Nextcloud's file directory (somewhere in the web root), the data directory should not be a separate part of the backup
  45 nextcloudDataDir='/var/nextcloud_data'
  46
  47 # TODO: The directory of your Nextcloud's local external storage.
  48 # Uncomment if you use local external storage.
  49 #nextcloudLocalExternalDataDir='/var/nextcloud_external_data'
  50
  51 # TODO: The service name of the web server. Used to start/stop web server (e.g. 'systemctl start <webserverServiceName>')
  52 webserverServiceName='nginx'
  53
  54 # TODO: Your web server user
  55 webserverUser='www-data'
  56
  57 # TODO: The name of the database system (one of: mysql, mariadb, postgresql)
  58 databaseSystem='mariadb'
  59
  60 # TODO: Your Nextcloud database name
  61 nextcloudDatabase='nextcloud_db'
  62
  63 # TODO: Your Nextcloud database user
  64 dbUser='nextcloud_db_user'
  65
  66 # TODO: The password of the Nextcloud database user
  67 dbPassword='mYpAsSw0rd'
  68
  69 # TODO: The maximum number of backups to keep (when set to 0, all backups are kept)
  70 maxNrOfBackups=0
  71
  72 # TODO: Ignore updater's backup directory in the data directory to save space
  73 # Set to true to ignore the backup directory
  74 ignoreUpdaterBackups=false
  75
  76 # File names for backup files
  77 # If you prefer other file names, you'll also have to change the NextcloudRestore.sh script.
  78 fileNameBackupFileDir='nextcloud-filedir.tar'
  79 fileNameBackupDataDir='nextcloud-datadir.tar'
  80
  81 if [ "$useCompression" = true ] ; then
  82         fileNameBackupFileDir='nextcloud-filedir.tar.gz'
  83         fileNameBackupDataDir='nextcloud-datadir.tar.gz'
  84 fi
  85
  86 # TODO: Uncomment if you use local external storage
  87 #fileNameBackupExternalDataDir='nextcloud-external-datadir.tar'
  88 #
  89 #if [ "$useCompression" = true ] ; then
  90 #       fileNameBackupExternalDataDir='nextcloud-external-datadir.tar.gz'
  91 #fi
  92
  93 fileNameBackupDb='nextcloud-db.sql'
  94
  95 # Function for error messages
  96 errorecho() { cat <<< "$@" 1>&2; }
  97
  98 function DisableMaintenanceMode() {
  99         echo "Switching off maintenance mode..."
 100         sudo -u "${webserverUser}" php ${nextcloudFileDir}/occ maintenance:mode --off
 101         echo "Done"
 102         echo
 103 }
 104
 105 # Capture CTRL+C
 106 trap CtrlC INT
 107
 108 function CtrlC() {
 109         read -p "Backup cancelled. Keep maintenance mode? [y/n] " -n 1 -r
 110         echo
 111
 112         if ! [[ $REPLY =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]
 113         then
 114                 DisableMaintenanceMode
 115         else
 116                 echo "Maintenance mode still enabled."
 117         fi
 118
 119         echo "Starting web server..."
 120         systemctl start "${webserverServiceName}"
 121         echo "Done"
 122         echo
 123
 124         exit 1
 125 }
 126
 127 #
 128 # Print information
 129 #
 130 echo "Backup directory: ${backupMainDir}"
 131
 132 #
 133 # Check for root
 134 #
 135 if [ "$(id -u)" != "0" ]
 136 then
 137         errorecho "ERROR: This script has to be run as root!"
 138         exit 1
 139 fi
 140
 141 #
 142 # Check if backup dir already exists
 143 #
 144 if [ ! -d "${backupdir}" ]
 145 then
 146         mkdir -p "${backupdir}"
 147 else
 148         errorecho "ERROR: The backup directory ${backupdir} already exists!"
 149         exit 1
 150 fi
 151
 152 #
 153 # Set maintenance mode
 154 #
 155 echo "Set maintenance mode for Nextcloud..."
 156 sudo -u "${webserverUser}" php ${nextcloudFileDir}/occ maintenance:mode --on
 157 echo "Done"
 158 echo
 159
 160 #
 161 # Stop web server
 162 #
 163 echo "Stopping web server..."
 164 systemctl stop "${webserverServiceName}"
 165 echo "Done"
 166 echo
 167
 168 #
 169 # Backup file directory
 170 #
 171 echo "Creating backup of Nextcloud file directory..."
 172
 173 if [ "$useCompression" = true ] ; then
 174         tar -cpzf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupFileDir}" -C "${nextcloudFileDir}" .
 175 else
 176         tar -cpf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupFileDir}" -C "${nextcloudFileDir}" .
 177 fi
 178
 179 echo "Done"
 180 echo
 181
 182 #
 183 # Backup data directory
 184 #
 185 echo "Creating backup of Nextcloud data directory..."
 186
 187 if [ "$ignoreUpdaterBackups" = true ] ; then
 188         echo "Ignoring updater backup directory"
 189
 190         if [ "$useCompression" = true ] ; then
 191                 tar -cpzf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDataDir}"  --exclude="updater-*/backups/*" -C "${nextcloudDataDir}" .
 192         else
 193                 tar -cpf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDataDir}"  --exclude="updater-*/backups/*" -C "${nextcloudDataDir}" .
 194         fi
 195 else
 196         if [ "$useCompression" = true ] ; then
 197         tar -cpzf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDataDir}"  -C "${nextcloudDataDir}" .
 198         else
 199                 tar -cpf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDataDir}"  -C "${nextcloudDataDir}" .
 200         fi
 201 fi
 202
 203 echo "Done"
 204 echo
 205
 206 # Backup local external storage.
 207 # Uncomment if you use local external storage
 208 #echo "Creating backup of Nextcloud local external storage directory..."
 209 #if [ "$useCompression" = true ] ; then
 210 #       tar -cpzf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupExternalDataDir}"  -C "${nextcloudLocalExternalDataDir}" .
 211 #else
 212 #       tar -cpf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupExternalDataDir}"  -C "${nextcloudLocalExternalDataDir}" .
 213 #fi
 214
 215 #echo "Done"
 216 #echo
 217
 218 #
 219 # Backup DB
 220 #
 221 if [ "${databaseSystem,,}" = "mysql" ] || [ "${databaseSystem,,}" = "mariadb" ]; then
 222         echo "Backup Nextcloud database (MySQL/MariaDB)..."
 223
 224         if ! [ -x "$(command -v mysqldump)" ]; then
 225                 errorecho "ERROR: MySQL/MariaDB not installed (command mysqldump not found)."
 226                 errorecho "ERROR: No backup of database possible!"
 227         else
 228                 mysqldump --single-transaction -h localhost -u "${dbUser}" -p"${dbPassword}" "${nextcloudDatabase}" > "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDb}"
 229         fi
 230
 231         echo "Done"
 232         echo
 233 elif [ "${databaseSystem,,}" = "postgresql" ] || [ "${databaseSystem,,}" = "pgsql" ]; then
 234         echo "Backup Nextcloud database (PostgreSQL)..."
 235
 236         if ! [ -x "$(command -v pg_dump)" ]; then
 237                 errorecho "ERROR: PostgreSQL not installed (command pg_dump not found)."
 238                 errorecho "ERROR: No backup of database possible!"
 239         else
 240                 PGPASSWORD="${dbPassword}" pg_dump "${nextcloudDatabase}" -h localhost -U "${dbUser}" -f "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDb}"
 241         fi
 242
 243         echo "Done"
 244         echo
 245 fi
 246
 247 #
 248 # Start web server
 249 #
 250 echo "Starting web server..."
 251 systemctl start "${webserverServiceName}"
 252 echo "Done"
 253 echo
 254
 255 #
 256 # Disable maintenance mode
 257 #
 258 DisableMaintenanceMode
 259
 260 #
 261 # Delete old backups
 262 #
 263 if [ ${maxNrOfBackups} != 0 ]
 264 then
 265         nrOfBackups=$(ls -l ${backupMainDir} | grep -c ^d)
 266
 267         if [[ ${nrOfBackups} > ${maxNrOfBackups} ]]
 268         then
 269                 echo "Removing old backups..."
 270                 ls -t ${backupMainDir} | tail -$(( nrOfBackups - maxNrOfBackups )) | while read -r dirToRemove; do
 271                         echo "${dirToRemove}"
 272                         rm -r "${backupMainDir}/${dirToRemove:?}"
 273                         echo "Done"
 274                         echo
 275                 done
 276         fi
 277 fi
 278
 279 echo
 280 echo "DONE!"
 281 echo "Backup created: ${backupdir}"