NextcloudBackup.sh

   1 #!/bin/bash
   2
   3 #
   4 # Bash script for creating backups of Nextcloud.
   5 #
   6 # Version 2.0.0
   7 #
   8 # Usage:
   9 #       - With backup directory specified in the script:  ./NextcloudBackup.sh
  10 #       - With backup directory specified by parameter: ./NextcloudBackup.sh <BackupDirectory> (e.g. ./NextcloudBackup.sh /media/hdd/nextcloud_backup)
  11 #
  12 # The script is based on an installation of Nextcloud using nginx and MariaDB, see https://decatec.de/home-server/nextcloud-auf-ubuntu-server-18-04-lts-mit-nginx-mariadb-php-lets-encrypt-redis-und-fail2ban/
  13 #
  14
  15 #
  16 # IMPORTANT
  17 # You have to customize this script (directories, users, etc.) for your actual environment.
  18 # All entries which need to be customized are tagged with "TODO".
  19 #
  20
  21 # Variables
  22 backupMainDir=$1
  23
  24 if [ -z "$backupMainDir" ]; then
  25         # TODO: The directory where you store the Nextcloud backups (when not specified by args)
  26     backupMainDir='/media/hdd/nextcloud_backup'
  27 fi
  28
  29 currentDate=$(date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
  30
  31 # The actual directory of the current backup - this is a subdirectory of the main directory above with a timestamp
  32 backupdir="${backupMainDir}/${currentDate}/"
  33
  34 # TODO: The directory of your Nextcloud installation (this is a directory under your web root)
  35 nextcloudFileDir='/var/www/nextcloud'
  36
  37 # TODO: The directory of your Nextcloud data directory (outside the Nextcloud file directory)
  38 # If your data directory is located under Nextcloud's file directory (somewhere in the web root), the data directory should not be a separate part of the backup
  39 nextcloudDataDir='/var/nextcloud_data'
  40
  41 # TODO: The directory of your Nextcloud's local external storage.
  42 # Uncomment if you use local external storage.
  43 #nextcloudLocalExternalDataDir='/var/nextcloud_external_data'
  44
  45 # TODO: The service name of the web server. Used to start/stop web server (e.g. 'systemctl start <webserverServiceName>')
  46 webserverServiceName='nginx'
  47
  48 # TODO: Your web server user
  49 webserverUser='www-data'
  50
  51 # TODO: The name of the database system (one of: mysql, mariadb, postgresql)
  52 databaseSystem='mariadb'
  53
  54 # TODO: Your Nextcloud database name
  55 nextcloudDatabase='nextcloud_db'
  56
  57 # TODO: Your Nextcloud database user
  58 dbUser='nextcloud_db_user'
  59
  60 # TODO: The password of the Nextcloud database user
  61 dbPassword='mYpAsSw0rd'
  62
  63 # TODO: The maximum number of backups to keep (when set to 0, all backups are kept)
  64 maxNrOfBackups=0
  65
  66 # TODO: Ignore updater's backup directory in the data directory to save space
  67 # Set to true to ignore the backup directory
  68 ignoreUpdaterBackups=false
  69
  70 # File names for backup files
  71 # If you prefer other file names, you'll also have to change the NextcloudRestore.sh script.
  72 fileNameBackupFileDir='nextcloud-filedir.tar.gz'
  73 fileNameBackupDataDir='nextcloud-datadir.tar.gz'
  74
  75 # TODO: Uncomment if you use local external storage
  76 #fileNameBackupExternalDataDir='nextcloud-external-datadir.tar.gz'
  77
  78 fileNameBackupDb='nextcloud-db.sql'
  79
  80 # Function for error messages
  81 errorecho() { cat <<< "$@" 1>&2; }
  82
  83 function DisableMaintenanceMode() {
  84         echo "Switching off maintenance mode..."
  85         sudo -u "${webserverUser}" php ${nextcloudFileDir}/occ maintenance:mode --off
  86         echo "Done"
  87         echo
  88 }
  89
  90 # Capture CTRL+C
  91 trap CtrlC INT
  92
  93 function CtrlC() {
  94         read -p "Backup cancelled. Keep maintenance mode? [y/n] " -n 1 -r
  95         echo
  96
  97         if ! [[ $REPLY =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]
  98         then
  99                 DisableMaintenanceMode
 100         else
 101                 echo "Maintenance mode still enabled."
 102         fi
 103
 104         echo "Starting web server..."
 105         systemctl start "${webserverServiceName}"
 106         echo "Done"
 107         echo
 108
 109         exit 1
 110 }
 111
 112 #
 113 # Print information
 114 #
 115 echo "Backup directory: ${backupMainDir}"
 116
 117 #
 118 # Check for root
 119 #
 120 if [ "$(id -u)" != "0" ]
 121 then
 122         errorecho "ERROR: This script has to be run as root!"
 123         exit 1
 124 fi
 125
 126 #
 127 # Check if backup dir already exists
 128 #
 129 if [ ! -d "${backupdir}" ]
 130 then
 131         mkdir -p "${backupdir}"
 132 else
 133         errorecho "ERROR: The backup directory ${backupdir} already exists!"
 134         exit 1
 135 fi
 136
 137 #
 138 # Set maintenance mode
 139 #
 140 echo "Set maintenance mode for Nextcloud..."
 141 sudo -u "${webserverUser}" php ${nextcloudFileDir}/occ maintenance:mode --on
 142 echo "Done"
 143 echo
 144
 145 #
 146 # Stop web server
 147 #
 148 echo "Stopping web server..."
 149 systemctl stop "${webserverServiceName}"
 150 echo "Done"
 151 echo
 152
 153 #
 154 # Backup file directory
 155 #
 156 echo "Creating backup of Nextcloud file directory..."
 157 tar -cpzf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupFileDir}" -C "${nextcloudFileDir}" .
 158 echo "Done"
 159 echo
 160
 161 #
 162 # Backup data directory
 163 #
 164 echo "Creating backup of Nextcloud data directory..."
 165
 166 if [ "$ignoreUpdaterBackups" = true ] ; then
 167         echo "Ignoring updater backup directory"
 168         tar -cpzf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDataDir}"  --exclude="updater-*/backups/*" -C "${nextcloudDataDir}" .
 169 else
 170         tar -cpzf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDataDir}"  -C "${nextcloudDataDir}" .
 171 fi
 172
 173 echo "Done"
 174 echo
 175
 176 # Backup local external storage.
 177 # Uncomment if you use local external storage
 178 #echo "Creating backup of Nextcloud local external storage directory..."
 179 #tar -cpzf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupExternalDataDir}"  -C "${nextcloudLocalExternalDataDir}" .
 180 #echo "Done"
 181 #echo
 182
 183 #
 184 # Backup DB
 185 #
 186 if [ "${databaseSystem,,}" = "mysql" ] || [ "${databaseSystem,,}" = "mariadb" ]; then
 187         echo "Backup Nextcloud database (MySQL/MariaDB)..."
 188
 189         if ! [ -x "$(command -v mysqldump)" ]; then
 190                 errorecho "ERROR: MySQL/MariaDB not installed (command mysqldump not found)."
 191                 errorecho "ERROR: No backup of database possible!"
 192         else
 193                 mysqldump --single-transaction -h localhost -u "${dbUser}" -p"${dbPassword}" "${nextcloudDatabase}" > "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDb}"
 194         fi
 195
 196         echo "Done"
 197         echo
 198 elif [ "${databaseSystem,,}" = "postgresql" ]; then
 199         echo "Backup Nextcloud database (PostgreSQL)..."
 200
 201         if ! [ -x "$(command -v pg_dump)" ]; then
 202                 errorecho "ERROR: PostgreSQL not installed (command pg_dump not found)."
 203                 errorecho "ERROR: No backup of database possible!"
 204         else
 205                 PGPASSWORD="${dbPassword}" pg_dump "${nextcloudDatabase}" -h localhost -U "${dbUser}" -f "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDb}"
 206         fi
 207
 208         echo "Done"
 209         echo
 210 fi
 211
 212 #
 213 # Start web server
 214 #
 215 echo "Starting web server..."
 216 systemctl start "${webserverServiceName}"
 217 echo "Done"
 218 echo
 219
 220 #
 221 # Disable maintenance mode
 222 #
 223 DisableMaintenanceMode
 224
 225 #
 226 # Delete old backups
 227 #
 228 if [ ${maxNrOfBackups} != 0 ]
 229 then
 230         nrOfBackups=$(ls -l ${backupMainDir} | grep -c ^d)
 231
 232         if [[ ${nrOfBackups} > ${maxNrOfBackups} ]]
 233         then
 234                 echo "Removing old backups..."
 235                 ls -t ${backupMainDir} | tail -$(( nrOfBackups - maxNrOfBackups )) | while read -r dirToRemove; do
 236                         echo "${dirToRemove}"
 237                         rm -r "${backupMainDir}/${dirToRemove:?}"
 238                         echo "Done"
 239                         echo
 240                 done
 241         fi
 242 fi
 243
 244 echo
 245 echo "DONE!"
 246 echo "Backup created: ${backupdir}"