NextcloudBackup.sh

   1 #!/bin/bash
   2
   3 #
   4 # Bash script for creating backups of Nextcloud.
   5 #
   6 # Version 2.1.3
   7 #
   8 # Usage:
   9 #       - With backup directory specified in the script:  ./NextcloudBackup.sh
  10 #       - With backup directory specified by parameter: ./NextcloudBackup.sh <BackupDirectory> (e.g. ./NextcloudBackup.sh /media/hdd/nextcloud_backup)
  11 #
  12 # The script is based on an installation of Nextcloud using nginx and MariaDB, see https://decatec.de/home-server/nextcloud-auf-ubuntu-server-18-04-lts-mit-nginx-mariadb-php-lets-encrypt-redis-und-fail2ban/
  13 #
  14
  15 #
  16 # IMPORTANT
  17 # You have to customize this script (directories, users, etc.) for your actual environment.
  18 # All entries which need to be customized are tagged with "TODO".
  19 #
  20
  21 # Variables
  22 backupMainDir=$1
  23
  24 if [ -z "$backupMainDir" ]; then
  25         # TODO: The directory where you store the Nextcloud backups (when not specified by args)
  26     backupMainDir='/media/hdd/nextcloud_backup'
  27 else
  28         backupMainDir=$(echo $backupMainDir | sed 's:/*$::')
  29 fi
  30
  31 currentDate=$(date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
  32
  33 # The actual directory of the current backup - this is a subdirectory of the main directory above with a timestamp
  34 backupdir="${backupMainDir}/${currentDate}/"
  35
  36 # TODO: Use compression for file/data dir
  37 # When this is the only script for backups, it's recommend to enable compression.
  38 # If the output of this script is used in another (compressing) backup (e.g. borg backup),
  39 # you should probably disable compression here and only enable compression of your main backup script.
  40 useCompression=true
  41
  42 # TODO: The directory of your Nextcloud installation (this is a directory under your web root)
  43 nextcloudFileDir='/var/www/nextcloud'
  44
  45 # TODO: The directory of your Nextcloud data directory (outside the Nextcloud file directory)
  46 # If your data directory is located under Nextcloud's file directory (somewhere in the web root), the data directory should not be a separate part of the backup
  47 nextcloudDataDir='/var/nextcloud_data'
  48
  49 # TODO: The directory of your Nextcloud's local external storage.
  50 # Uncomment if you use local external storage.
  51 #nextcloudLocalExternalDataDir='/var/nextcloud_external_data'
  52
  53 # TODO: The service name of the web server. Used to start/stop web server (e.g. 'systemctl start <webserverServiceName>')
  54 webserverServiceName='nginx'
  55
  56 # TODO: Your web server user
  57 webserverUser='www-data'
  58
  59 # TODO: The name of the database system (one of: mysql, mariadb, postgresql)
  60 databaseSystem='mariadb'
  61
  62 # TODO: Your Nextcloud database name
  63 nextcloudDatabase='nextcloud_db'
  64
  65 # TODO: Your Nextcloud database user
  66 dbUser='nextcloud_db_user'
  67
  68 # TODO: The password of the Nextcloud database user
  69 dbPassword='mYpAsSw0rd'
  70
  71 # TODO: The maximum number of backups to keep (when set to 0, all backups are kept)
  72 maxNrOfBackups=0
  73
  74 # TODO: Ignore updater's backup directory in the data directory to save space
  75 # Set to true to ignore the backup directory
  76 ignoreUpdaterBackups=false
  77
  78 # File names for backup files
  79 # If you prefer other file names, you'll also have to change the NextcloudRestore.sh script.
  80 fileNameBackupFileDir='nextcloud-filedir.tar'
  81 fileNameBackupDataDir='nextcloud-datadir.tar'
  82
  83 if [ "$useCompression" = true ] ; then
  84         fileNameBackupFileDir='nextcloud-filedir.tar.gz'
  85         fileNameBackupDataDir='nextcloud-datadir.tar.gz'
  86 fi
  87
  88 # TODO: Uncomment if you use local external storage
  89 #fileNameBackupExternalDataDir='nextcloud-external-datadir.tar'
  90 #
  91 #if [ "$useCompression" = true ] ; then
  92 #       fileNameBackupExternalDataDir='nextcloud-external-datadir.tar.gz'
  93 #fi
  94
  95 fileNameBackupDb='nextcloud-db.sql'
  96
  97 # Function for error messages
  98 errorecho() { cat <<< "$@" 1>&2; }
  99
 100 function DisableMaintenanceMode() {
 101         echo "$(date +"%H:%M:%S"): Switching off maintenance mode..."
 102         sudo -u "${webserverUser}" php ${nextcloudFileDir}/occ maintenance:mode --off
 103         echo "Done"
 104         echo
 105 }
 106
 107 # Capture CTRL+C
 108 trap CtrlC INT
 109
 110 function CtrlC() {
 111         read -p "Backup cancelled. Keep maintenance mode? [y/n] " -n 1 -r
 112         echo
 113
 114         if ! [[ $REPLY =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]
 115         then
 116                 DisableMaintenanceMode
 117         else
 118                 echo "Maintenance mode still enabled."
 119         fi
 120
 121         echo "Starting web server..."
 122         systemctl start "${webserverServiceName}"
 123         echo "Done"
 124         echo
 125
 126         exit 1
 127 }
 128
 129 #
 130 # Print information
 131 #
 132 echo "Backup directory: ${backupMainDir}"
 133
 134 #
 135 # Check for root
 136 #
 137 if [ "$(id -u)" != "0" ]
 138 then
 139         errorecho "ERROR: This script has to be run as root!"
 140         exit 1
 141 fi
 142
 143 #
 144 # Check if backup dir already exists
 145 #
 146 if [ ! -d "${backupdir}" ]
 147 then
 148         mkdir -p "${backupdir}"
 149 else
 150         errorecho "ERROR: The backup directory ${backupdir} already exists!"
 151         exit 1
 152 fi
 153
 154 #
 155 # Set maintenance mode
 156 #
 157 echo "$(date +"%H:%M:%S"): Set maintenance mode for Nextcloud..."
 158 sudo -u "${webserverUser}" php ${nextcloudFileDir}/occ maintenance:mode --on
 159 echo "Done"
 160 echo
 161
 162 #
 163 # Stop web server
 164 #
 165 echo "$(date +"%H:%M:%S"): Stopping web server..."
 166 systemctl stop "${webserverServiceName}"
 167 echo "Done"
 168 echo
 169
 170 #
 171 # Backup file directory
 172 #
 173 echo "$(date +"%H:%M:%S"): Creating backup of Nextcloud file directory..."
 174
 175 if [ "$useCompression" = true ] ; then
 176         tar -I pigz -cpf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupFileDir}" -C "${nextcloudFileDir}" .
 177 else
 178         tar -cpf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupFileDir}" -C "${nextcloudFileDir}" .
 179 fi
 180
 181 echo "Done"
 182 echo
 183
 184 #
 185 # Backup data directory
 186 #
 187 echo "$(date +"%H:%M:%S"): Creating backup of Nextcloud data directory..."
 188
 189 if [ "$ignoreUpdaterBackups" = true ] ; then
 190         echo "Ignoring updater backup directory"
 191
 192         if [ "$useCompression" = true ] ; then
 193                 tar -I pigz -cpf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDataDir}"  --exclude="updater-*/backups/*" -C "${nextcloudDataDir}" .
 194         else
 195                 tar -cpf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDataDir}"  --exclude="updater-*/backups/*" -C "${nextcloudDataDir}" .
 196         fi
 197 else
 198         if [ "$useCompression" = true ] ; then
 199         tar -I pigz -cpf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDataDir}"  -C "${nextcloudDataDir}" .
 200         else
 201                 tar -cpf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDataDir}"  -C "${nextcloudDataDir}" .
 202         fi
 203 fi
 204
 205 echo "Done"
 206 echo
 207
 208 # Backup local external storage.
 209 # Uncomment if you use local external storage
 210 #echo "$(date +"%H:%M:%S"): Creating backup of Nextcloud local external storage directory..."
 211
 212 #if [ "$useCompression" = true ] ; then
 213 #       tar -I pigz -cpf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupExternalDataDir}"  -C "${nextcloudLocalExternalDataDir}" .
 214 #else
 215 #       tar -cpf "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupExternalDataDir}"  -C "${nextcloudLocalExternalDataDir}" .
 216 #fi
 217
 218 #echo "Done"
 219 #echo
 220
 221 #
 222 # Backup DB
 223 #
 224 if [ "${databaseSystem,,}" = "mysql" ] || [ "${databaseSystem,,}" = "mariadb" ]; then
 225         echo "$(date +"%H:%M:%S"): Backup Nextcloud database (MySQL/MariaDB)..."
 226
 227         if ! [ -x "$(command -v mysqldump)" ]; then
 228                 errorecho "ERROR: MySQL/MariaDB not installed (command mysqldump not found)."
 229                 errorecho "ERROR: No backup of database possible!"
 230         else
 231                 mysqldump --single-transaction -h localhost -u "${dbUser}" -p"${dbPassword}" "${nextcloudDatabase}" > "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDb}"
 232         fi
 233
 234         echo "Done"
 235         echo
 236 elif [ "${databaseSystem,,}" = "postgresql" ] || [ "${databaseSystem,,}" = "pgsql" ]; then
 237         echo "$(date +"%H:%M:%S"): Backup Nextcloud database (PostgreSQL)..."
 238
 239         if ! [ -x "$(command -v pg_dump)" ]; then
 240                 errorecho "ERROR: PostgreSQL not installed (command pg_dump not found)."
 241                 errorecho "ERROR: No backup of database possible!"
 242         else
 243                 PGPASSWORD="${dbPassword}" pg_dump "${nextcloudDatabase}" -h localhost -U "${dbUser}" -f "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDb}"
 244         fi
 245
 246         echo "Done"
 247         echo
 248 fi
 249
 250 #
 251 # Start web server
 252 #
 253 echo "$(date +"%H:%M:%S"): Starting web server..."
 254 systemctl start "${webserverServiceName}"
 255 echo "Done"
 256 echo
 257
 258 #
 259 # Disable maintenance mode
 260 #
 261 DisableMaintenanceMode
 262
 263 #
 264 # Delete old backups
 265 #
 266 if [ ${maxNrOfBackups} != 0 ]
 267 then
 268         nrOfBackups=$(ls -l ${backupMainDir} | grep -c ^d)
 269
 270         if [ ${nrOfBackups} -gt ${maxNrOfBackups} ]
 271         then
 272                 echo "$(date +"%H:%M:%S"): Removing old backups..."
 273                 ls -t ${backupMainDir} | tail -$(( nrOfBackups - maxNrOfBackups )) | while read -r dirToRemove; do
 274                         echo "${dirToRemove}"
 275                         rm -r "${backupMainDir}/${dirToRemove:?}"
 276                         echo "Done"
 277                         echo
 278                 done
 279         fi
 280 fi
 281
 282 echo
 283 echo "DONE!"
 284 echo "$(date +"%H:%M:%S"): Backup created: ${backupdir}"